After gallbladder removal and more episodes with the same horrible pain, I went to the ER. They IV’d me with repeated doses of morphine which only made the pain more severe. I saw my endocrinologist at Duke and he knew right away to prescribe nitro glycerine to relax the smooth muscle spincter. At the onset of an attack I dissolve a tablet under my tongue and am completely pain free with about one minute. Sometimes the pain returns immediately and I repeat with a second nitro tablet, but very seldom. Nitro has been the ticket to pain relief after an onset of SoD. Now, if I can find a pain reliever that will not provoke SoD, I will be in good shape. My SoD is provoked by almost any morphine derived medication therefore Pain relief for other things is extremely limited. Any suggestions?